Green (Mehmed I) Complex

Yeşil Complex (Complex of Mehmed I)

The Yeşil Complex (Turkish: Yeşil Külliye), also known as the Complex of Mehmed I, is an important early Ottoman architectural complex located in Bursa, Turkey. It was commissioned by Sultan Mehmed I in the early 15th century and is renowned for its distinctive green and turquoise tile decoration, which gave the complex its name.

History

Construction of the Yeşil Complex began in 1412 during the reign of Sultan Mehmed I and was completed in 1419 after his death. The complex was built during the Ottoman interregnum period and symbolizes the restoration and consolidation of central authority under Mehmed I.

Components of the Complex

The Yeşil Complex consists of several major structures, including:

Yeşil Mosque (Green Mosque)
Yeşil Mausoleum (Green Tomb / Türbe of Mehmed I)
Madrasah (theological school)
Imaret (public soup kitchen)
Bathhouse (hamam)

Together, these buildings formed a multifunctional religious and social center.

Yeşil Mosque

The Yeşil Mosque (Yeşil Camii) is one of the most significant examples of early Ottoman architecture. It features a T-shaped plan and is richly decorated with glazed tiles in green, turquoise, and blue tones, as well as marble carving and calligraphy.

Yeşil Mausoleum (Green Tomb)

The Yeşil Tomb (Yeşil Türbe), completed in 1421, houses the tomb of Sultan Mehmed I and members of his family. The exterior is covered with turquoise tiles, while the interior features elaborate tile work and calligraphic inscriptions. The mausoleum is considered a masterpiece of early Ottoman funerary architecture.

Architectural Features

The complex reflects a transitional period in Ottoman architecture, combining Seljuk influences with emerging Ottoman stylistic elements. Tile decoration, stone masonry, and symmetrical layouts are defining characteristics of the complex.

Cultural and Historical Significance

The Yeşil Complex holds a prominent place in Ottoman architectural history and represents the artistic and political revival of the Ottoman state in the early 15th century. It remains one of Bursa’s most important historical landmarks.